"perz" meaning in All languages combined

See perz on Wiktionary

Noun [Polish]

IPA: /pɛʂ/
Rhymes: -ɛʂ Etymology: Inherited from Proto-Slavic *py̑rь, most likely a substantive i-stem derivative from the direct-case stem of Proto-Indo-European *péh₂wr̥ (“bonfire”). Etymology templates: {{glossary|Inherited}} Inherited, {{inh|pl|sla-pro|*py̑rь|||g=|g2=|g3=|id=|lit=|nocat=|pos=|sc=|sort=|tr=|ts=}} Proto-Slavic *py̑rь, {{inh+|pl|sla-pro|*py̑rь}} Inherited from Proto-Slavic *py̑rь, {{inh|pl|ine-pro|*péh₂wr̥||bonfire}} Proto-Indo-European *péh₂wr̥ (“bonfire”) Head templates: {{pl-noun|m-in}} perz m inan Inflection templates: {{pl-decl-noun-m-in|pe|rz|u|genp=perzów/perzy}} Forms: no-table-tags [table-tags], perz [nominative, singular], perze [nominative, plural], perzu [genitive, singular], perzów [genitive, plural], perzy [genitive, plural], perzowi [dative, singular], perzom [dative, plural], perz [accusative, singular], perze [accusative, plural], perzem [instrumental, singular], perzami [instrumental, plural], perzu [locative, singular], perzach [locative, plural], perzu [singular, vocative], perze [plural, vocative]
  1. (obsolete) smoke Tags: inanimate, masculine, obsolete Synonyms: dym Derived forms: perzyna, perzyć
    Sense id: en-perz-pl-noun-BNWIy0G4
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 1

Noun [Polish]

IPA: /pɛʂ/
Rhymes: -ɛʂ Etymology: Inherited from Proto-Slavic *pỳrь, *pỳrъ, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *pū́ˀras, *pū́ˀra, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *puHrós (“sort of wild wheat”). Etymology templates: {{glossary|Inherited}} Inherited, {{inh|pl|sla-pro|*pỳrь, *pỳrъ|||g=|g2=|g3=|id=|lit=|nocat=|pos=|sc=|sort=|tr=|ts=}} Proto-Slavic *pỳrь, *pỳrъ, {{inh+|pl|sla-pro|*pỳrь, *pỳrъ}} Inherited from Proto-Slavic *pỳrь, *pỳrъ, {{inh|pl|ine-bsl-pro|*pū́ˀras, *pū́ˀra}} Proto-Balto-Slavic *pū́ˀras, *pū́ˀra, {{inh|pl|ine-pro|*puHrós||sort of wild wheat}} Proto-Indo-European *puHrós (“sort of wild wheat”) Head templates: {{pl-noun|m-in}} perz m inan Inflection templates: {{pl-decl-noun-m-in|pe|rz|u|genp=perzów/perzy}} Forms: no-table-tags [table-tags], perz [nominative, singular], perze [nominative, plural], perzu [genitive, singular], perzów [genitive, plural], perzy [genitive, plural], perzowi [dative, singular], perzom [dative, plural], perz [accusative, singular], perze [accusative, plural], perzem [instrumental, singular], perzami [instrumental, plural], perzu [locative, singular], perzach [locative, plural], perzu [singular, vocative], perze [plural, vocative]
  1. couch grass (any grass of the genus Elymus) Tags: inanimate, masculine Categories (topical): Combustion Categories (lifeform): Hordeeae tribe grasses Derived forms: perzowy
    Sense id: en-perz-pl-noun-zSh~QeAs Disambiguation of Combustion: 16 84 Disambiguation of Hordeeae tribe grasses: 2 98 Categories (other): Polish entries with incorrect language header, Polish links with manual fragments, Polish links with redundant alt parameters, Polish links with redundant wikilinks Disambiguation of Polish entries with incorrect language header: 2 98 Disambiguation of Polish links with manual fragments: 4 96 Disambiguation of Polish links with redundant alt parameters: 3 97 Disambiguation of Polish links with redundant wikilinks: 3 97
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 2

Preposition [Proto-Slavic]

Etymology: From *per- + *-z by analogy of other prepositions (e.g. *bez, *jьz). Less likely comparison of -z with Lithuanian -gi : iñ-gi, iñ-g, núo-g(i) (“from”). Etymology templates: {{cog|lt|-gi}} Lithuanian -gi Head templates: {{head|sla-pro|preposition|cat2=|head=|sort=}} *perz
  1. for (concerning time) Tags: reconstruction
    Sense id: en-perz-sla-pro-prep-uH8C3jM7 Categories (other): Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header, Proto-Slavic prepositions Disambiguation of Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header: 100 0 Disambiguation of Proto-Slavic prepositions: 86 14
  2. through Tags: reconstruction
    Sense id: en-perz-sla-pro-prep-nGcl3Caa

Inflected forms

Download JSON data for perz meaning in All languages combined (10.8kB)

{
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "sla-pro",
        "3": "*py̑rь",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Slavic *py̑rь",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "sla-pro",
        "3": "*py̑rь"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *py̑rь",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*péh₂wr̥",
        "4": "",
        "5": "bonfire"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *péh₂wr̥ (“bonfire”)",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *py̑rь, most likely a substantive i-stem derivative from the direct-case stem of Proto-Indo-European *péh₂wr̥ (“bonfire”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pl-decl-noun-m-in",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "perz",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "perze",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "perzu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "perzów",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "perzy",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "perzowi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "perzom",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "perz",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "perze",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "perzem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "perzami",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "perzu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "perzach",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "perzu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "perze",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "m-in"
      },
      "expansion": "perz m inan",
      "name": "pl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "perz"
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pe",
        "2": "rz",
        "3": "u",
        "genp": "perzów/perzy"
      },
      "name": "pl-decl-noun-m-in"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Polish",
  "lang_code": "pl",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [],
      "derived": [
        {
          "word": "perzyna"
        },
        {
          "word": "perzyć"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "smoke"
      ],
      "id": "en-perz-pl-noun-BNWIy0G4",
      "links": [
        [
          "smoke",
          "smoke"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(obsolete) smoke"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "dym"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "inanimate",
        "masculine",
        "obsolete"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/pɛʂ/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɛʂ"
    },
    {
      "homophone": "Perz"
    },
    {
      "homophone": "pesz"
    }
  ],
  "word": "perz"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "sla-pro",
        "3": "*pỳrь, *pỳrъ",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Slavic *pỳrь, *pỳrъ",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "sla-pro",
        "3": "*pỳrь, *pỳrъ"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *pỳrь, *pỳrъ",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "ine-bsl-pro",
        "3": "*pū́ˀras, *pū́ˀra"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *pū́ˀras, *pū́ˀra",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*puHrós",
        "4": "",
        "5": "sort of wild wheat"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *puHrós (“sort of wild wheat”)",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *pỳrь, *pỳrъ, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *pū́ˀras, *pū́ˀra, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *puHrós (“sort of wild wheat”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pl-decl-noun-m-in",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "perz",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "perze",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "perzu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "perzów",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "perzy",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "perzowi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "perzom",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "perz",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "perze",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "perzem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "perzami",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "perzu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "perzach",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "perzu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "perze",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "m-in"
      },
      "expansion": "perz m inan",
      "name": "pl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "perz"
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pe",
        "2": "rz",
        "3": "u",
        "genp": "perzów/perzy"
      },
      "name": "pl-decl-noun-m-in"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Polish",
  "lang_code": "pl",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "2 98",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "4 96",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
          "parents": [
            "Links with manual fragments",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "3 97",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant alt parameters",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "3 97",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant wikilinks",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "16 84",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "pl",
          "name": "Combustion",
          "orig": "pl:Combustion",
          "parents": [
            "Chemical processes",
            "Nature",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "2 98",
          "kind": "lifeform",
          "langcode": "pl",
          "name": "Hordeeae tribe grasses",
          "orig": "pl:Hordeeae tribe grasses",
          "parents": [
            "Grasses",
            "Commelinids",
            "Plants",
            "Lifeforms",
            "All topics",
            "Life",
            "Fundamental",
            "Nature"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "derived": [
        {
          "word": "perzowy"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "couch grass (any grass of the genus Elymus)"
      ],
      "id": "en-perz-pl-noun-zSh~QeAs",
      "links": [
        [
          "couch grass",
          "couch grass"
        ],
        [
          "Elymus",
          "Elymus#Translingual"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "inanimate",
        "masculine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/pɛʂ/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɛʂ"
    },
    {
      "homophone": "Perz"
    },
    {
      "homophone": "pesz"
    }
  ],
  "word": "perz"
}

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Church Slavonic: прѣзъ (prězŭ) (Russian, Serbo-Croatian)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "orv",
            "2": "прѣзъ",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Old East Slavic: прѣзъ (prězŭ)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Old East Slavic: прѣзъ (prězŭ)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "East Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "orv",
            "2": "перезъ"
          },
          "expansion": "Old East Slavic: перезъ (perezŭ)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old East Slavic: перезъ (perezŭ)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "be",
            "2": "праз"
          },
          "expansion": "Belarusian: праз (praz)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Belarusian: праз (praz)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Russian: dial. пе́рез (pérez)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "uk",
            "2": "пе́рез"
          },
          "expansion": "Ukrainian: пе́рез (pérez)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Ukrainian: пе́рез (pérez)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "South Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "bg",
            "2": "през"
          },
          "expansion": "Bulgarian: през (prez)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Bulgarian: през (prez)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Serbo-Croatian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Cyrillic: dial. през"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Latin: dial. prez"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "West Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cs",
            "2": "přez",
            "3": "přes"
          },
          "expansion": "Czech: přez, přes",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Czech: přez, přes"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "zlw-opl",
            "2": "przez",
            "id": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Polish: przez\nMasurian: prżez\nPolish: przez\nSilesian: przez",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Polish: przez\nMasurian: prżez\nPolish: przez\nSilesian: przez"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sk",
            "2": "prez"
          },
          "expansion": "Slovak: prez",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Slovak: prez"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Pomeranian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "csb",
            "2": "przez"
          },
          "expansion": "Kashubian: przez",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Kashubian: przez"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "zlw-slv",
            "2": "przêz"
          },
          "expansion": "Slovincian: przêz",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Slovincian: przêz"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Sorbian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "hsb",
            "2": "přez"
          },
          "expansion": "Upper Sorbian: přez",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Upper Sorbian: přez"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "dsb",
            "2": "pśez"
          },
          "expansion": "Lower Sorbian: pśez",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Lower Sorbian: pśez"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lt",
        "2": "-gi"
      },
      "expansion": "Lithuanian -gi",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From *per- + *-z by analogy of other prepositions (e.g. *bez, *jьz). Less likely comparison of -z with Lithuanian -gi : iñ-gi, iñ-g, núo-g(i) (“from”).",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "preposition",
        "cat2": "",
        "head": "",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "*perz",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Slavic",
  "lang_code": "sla-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/perz",
  "pos": "prep",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "100 0",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "86 14",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Slavic prepositions",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "for (concerning time)"
      ],
      "id": "en-perz-sla-pro-prep-uH8C3jM7",
      "links": [
        [
          "for",
          "for"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "through"
      ],
      "id": "en-perz-sla-pro-prep-nGcl3Caa",
      "links": [
        [
          "through",
          "through"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "perz"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Polish 1-syllable words",
    "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
    "Polish inanimate nouns",
    "Polish lemmas",
    "Polish links with manual fragments",
    "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
    "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
    "Polish masculine nouns",
    "Polish nouns",
    "Polish terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
    "Polish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
    "Polish terms inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
    "Polish terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Polish terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
    "Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Polish terms with audio links",
    "Polish terms with homophones",
    "Rhymes:Polish/ɛʂ",
    "Rhymes:Polish/ɛʂ/1 syllable",
    "pl:Combustion",
    "pl:Hordeeae tribe grasses"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "perzyna"
    },
    {
      "word": "perzyć"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "sla-pro",
        "3": "*py̑rь",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Slavic *py̑rь",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "sla-pro",
        "3": "*py̑rь"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *py̑rь",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*péh₂wr̥",
        "4": "",
        "5": "bonfire"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *péh₂wr̥ (“bonfire”)",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *py̑rь, most likely a substantive i-stem derivative from the direct-case stem of Proto-Indo-European *péh₂wr̥ (“bonfire”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pl-decl-noun-m-in",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "perz",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "perze",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "perzu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "perzów",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "perzy",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "perzowi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "perzom",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "perz",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "perze",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "perzem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "perzami",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "perzu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "perzach",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "perzu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "perze",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "m-in"
      },
      "expansion": "perz m inan",
      "name": "pl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "perz"
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pe",
        "2": "rz",
        "3": "u",
        "genp": "perzów/perzy"
      },
      "name": "pl-decl-noun-m-in"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Polish",
  "lang_code": "pl",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Polish terms with obsolete senses"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "smoke"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "smoke",
          "smoke"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(obsolete) smoke"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "dym"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "inanimate",
        "masculine",
        "obsolete"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/pɛʂ/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɛʂ"
    },
    {
      "homophone": "Perz"
    },
    {
      "homophone": "pesz"
    }
  ],
  "word": "perz"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Polish 1-syllable words",
    "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
    "Polish inanimate nouns",
    "Polish lemmas",
    "Polish links with manual fragments",
    "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
    "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
    "Polish masculine nouns",
    "Polish nouns",
    "Polish terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
    "Polish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
    "Polish terms inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
    "Polish terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Polish terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
    "Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Polish terms with audio links",
    "Polish terms with homophones",
    "Rhymes:Polish/ɛʂ",
    "Rhymes:Polish/ɛʂ/1 syllable",
    "pl:Combustion",
    "pl:Hordeeae tribe grasses"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "perzowy"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "sla-pro",
        "3": "*pỳrь, *pỳrъ",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Slavic *pỳrь, *pỳrъ",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "sla-pro",
        "3": "*pỳrь, *pỳrъ"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *pỳrь, *pỳrъ",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "ine-bsl-pro",
        "3": "*pū́ˀras, *pū́ˀra"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *pū́ˀras, *pū́ˀra",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*puHrós",
        "4": "",
        "5": "sort of wild wheat"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *puHrós (“sort of wild wheat”)",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *pỳrь, *pỳrъ, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *pū́ˀras, *pū́ˀra, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *puHrós (“sort of wild wheat”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pl-decl-noun-m-in",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "perz",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "perze",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "perzu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "perzów",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "perzy",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "perzowi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "perzom",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "perz",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "perze",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "perzem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "perzami",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "perzu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "perzach",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "perzu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "perze",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "m-in"
      },
      "expansion": "perz m inan",
      "name": "pl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "perz"
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pe",
        "2": "rz",
        "3": "u",
        "genp": "perzów/perzy"
      },
      "name": "pl-decl-noun-m-in"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Polish",
  "lang_code": "pl",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "couch grass (any grass of the genus Elymus)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "couch grass",
          "couch grass"
        ],
        [
          "Elymus",
          "Elymus#Translingual"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "inanimate",
        "masculine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/pɛʂ/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɛʂ"
    },
    {
      "homophone": "Perz"
    },
    {
      "homophone": "pesz"
    }
  ],
  "word": "perz"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
    "Proto-Slavic lemmas",
    "Proto-Slavic prepositions"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Church Slavonic: прѣзъ (prězŭ) (Russian, Serbo-Croatian)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "orv",
            "2": "прѣзъ",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Old East Slavic: прѣзъ (prězŭ)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Old East Slavic: прѣзъ (prězŭ)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "East Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "orv",
            "2": "перезъ"
          },
          "expansion": "Old East Slavic: перезъ (perezŭ)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old East Slavic: перезъ (perezŭ)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "be",
            "2": "праз"
          },
          "expansion": "Belarusian: праз (praz)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Belarusian: праз (praz)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Russian: dial. пе́рез (pérez)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "uk",
            "2": "пе́рез"
          },
          "expansion": "Ukrainian: пе́рез (pérez)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Ukrainian: пе́рез (pérez)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "South Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "bg",
            "2": "през"
          },
          "expansion": "Bulgarian: през (prez)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Bulgarian: през (prez)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Serbo-Croatian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Cyrillic: dial. през"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Latin: dial. prez"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "West Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cs",
            "2": "přez",
            "3": "přes"
          },
          "expansion": "Czech: přez, přes",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Czech: přez, přes"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "zlw-opl",
            "2": "przez",
            "id": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Polish: przez\nMasurian: prżez\nPolish: przez\nSilesian: przez",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Polish: przez\nMasurian: prżez\nPolish: przez\nSilesian: przez"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sk",
            "2": "prez"
          },
          "expansion": "Slovak: prez",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Slovak: prez"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Pomeranian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "csb",
            "2": "przez"
          },
          "expansion": "Kashubian: przez",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Kashubian: przez"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "zlw-slv",
            "2": "przêz"
          },
          "expansion": "Slovincian: przêz",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Slovincian: przêz"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Sorbian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "hsb",
            "2": "přez"
          },
          "expansion": "Upper Sorbian: přez",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Upper Sorbian: přez"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "dsb",
            "2": "pśez"
          },
          "expansion": "Lower Sorbian: pśez",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Lower Sorbian: pśez"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lt",
        "2": "-gi"
      },
      "expansion": "Lithuanian -gi",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From *per- + *-z by analogy of other prepositions (e.g. *bez, *jьz). Less likely comparison of -z with Lithuanian -gi : iñ-gi, iñ-g, núo-g(i) (“from”).",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "preposition",
        "cat2": "",
        "head": "",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "*perz",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Slavic",
  "lang_code": "sla-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/perz",
  "pos": "prep",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "for (concerning time)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "for",
          "for"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "through"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "through",
          "through"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "perz"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-31 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (91e95e7 and db5a844). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.